用 AI 从 0 开发 PHP7.4 + UniApp + MySQL5.7 项目指南

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐│                    客户端层                          ││  ┌──────────┐  ┌──────────┐  ┌──────────┐          ││  │ 微信小程序 │  │   H5     │  │   App    │          ││  └─────┬────┘  └────┬─────┘  └────┬─────┘          ││        │            │             │                  ││        └────────────┼─────────────┘                  ││                     ▼                                ││              UniApp 统一前端                         │└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────┘                      │ HTTPS                      ▼┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐│                   Nginx (80/443)                    ││            反向代理 + 静态资源 + 负载均衡             │└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────┘                      │                      ▼┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐│              PHP-FPM (PHP 7.4)                      ││         ┌─────────────────────────┐                 ││         │    业务逻辑层（MVC）     │                 ││         │  Controller → Service → Model            ││         └─────────────────────────┘                 │└──────┬──────────────┬───────────────────────────────┘       │              │       ▼              ▼┌──────────┐   ┌──────────────┐│  Redis   │   │  MySQL 5.7   ││  缓存层   │   │  数据持久层   │└──────────┘   └──────────────┘

server {    listen 80;    server_name api.example.com;    root /var/www/project/public;    location / {        if (!-e $request_filename) {            rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last;            break;        }    }    location ~ \.php$ {        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;        fastcgi_index index.php;        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;        include fastcgi_params;    }    # 静态资源缓存    location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg)$ {        expires 30d;        add_header Cache-Control "public, no-transform";    }}

-- 用户表CREATE TABLE `user` (  `id` int unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  `openid` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '微信openid',  `phone` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',  `nickname` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '昵称',  `avatar` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像',  `status` tinyint NOT NULL DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '1正常 0禁用',  `create_time` int NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',  `update_time` int NOT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',  `delete_time` int DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '删除时间',  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  UNIQUE KEY `uk_openid` (`openid`),  KEY `idx_phone` (`phone`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='用户表';-- 商品/内容表（根据项目调整）CREATE TABLE `product` (  `id` int unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  `title` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '标题',  `description` text COMMENT '描述',  `price` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL COMMENT '价格',  `stock` int NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '库存',  `cover_image` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '封面图',  `images` json DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '图片组',  `status` tinyint NOT NULL DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '1上架 0下架',  `sort` int NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '排序',  `create_time` int NOT NULL,  `update_time` int NOT NULL,  `delete_time` int DEFAULT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  KEY `idx_status_sort` (`status`, `sort`),  KEY `idx_create_time` (`create_time`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='商品表';-- 订单表CREATE TABLE `order` (  `id` int unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  `order_no` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '订单号',  `user_id` int NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',  `product_id` int NOT NULL COMMENT '商品ID',  `amount` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL COMMENT '订单金额',  `status` tinyint NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0待支付 1已支付 2已发货 3已完成 4已取消',  `pay_time` int DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付时间',  `create_time` int NOT NULL,  `update_time` int NOT NULL,  `delete_time` int DEFAULT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  UNIQUE KEY `uk_order_no` (`order_no`),  KEY `idx_user_id` (`user_id`),  KEY `idx_status` (`status`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='订单表';

<?php// 成功{    "code": 0,    "msg": "success",    "data": {        "id": 1,        "title": "商品名称"    }}// 失败{    "code": 1001,    "msg": "参数错误",    "data": null}// 分页{    "code": 0,    "msg": "success",    "data": {        "list": [...],        "total": 100,        "page": 1,        "page_size": 20    }}

<?php// Controller 层 - 只做参数接收和响应输出class OrderController{    public function create()    {        $data = [            'user_id'    => $this->getUserId(),            'product_id' => (int)input('post.product_id'),            'quantity'   => (int)input('post.quantity', 1),        ];        try {            $orderService = new OrderService();            $orderNo = $orderService->createOrder($data);            return json(['code' => 0, 'msg' => '下单成功', 'data' => ['order_no' => $orderNo]]);        } catch (BusinessException $e) {            return json(['code' => $e->getCode(), 'msg' => $e->getMessage(), 'data' => null]);        }    }}// Service 层 - 核心业务逻辑class OrderService{    public function createOrder(array $data): string    {        // 1. 校验商品        $product = (new ProductModel())->findById($data['product_id']);        if (!$product || $product['status'] != 1) {            throw new BusinessException(2001, '商品不存在或已下架');        }        // 2. 检查库存（用 Redis 防超卖）        $redis = Redis::getInstance();        $stockKey = "product:stock:{$data['product_id']}";        $remain = $redis->hIncrBy($stockKey, 'stock', -$data['quantity']);        if ($remain < 0) {            $redis->hIncrBy($stockKey, 'stock', $data['quantity']); // 回滚            throw new BusinessException(2002, '库存不足');        }        // 3. 创建订单（数据库事务）        Db::startTrans();        try {            $orderNo = generateOrderNo();            $orderData = [                'order_no'   => $orderNo,                'user_id'    => $data['user_id'],                'product_id' => $data['product_id'],                'amount'     => bcmul($product['price'], $data['quantity'], 2),                'status'     => 0,                'create_time'=> time(),                'update_time'=> time(),            ];            Db::table('order')->insert($orderData);            // 扣减数据库库存            Db::table('product')                ->where('id', $data['product_id'])                ->where('stock', '>=', $data['quantity'])                ->dec('stock', $data['quantity'])                ->update();            Db::commit();            return $orderNo;        } catch (\Exception $e) {            Db::rollback();            $redis->hIncrBy($stockKey, 'stock', $data['quantity']); // 回滚 Redis            throw new BusinessException(2003, '下单失败，请重试');        }    }}// Model 层 - 数据访问class ProductModel{    public function findById(int $id): ?array    {        // 先查 Redis 缓存        $cacheKey = "product:detail:{$id}";        $redis = Redis::getInstance();        $cached = $redis->get($cacheKey);        if ($cached) {            return json_decode($cached, true);        }        // 查数据库        $data = Db::table('product')            ->where('id', $id)            ->where('delete_time', null)            ->find();        if ($data) {            $redis->setex($cacheKey, 3600, json_encode($data));        }        return $data;    }}

// api/request.jsconst BASE_URL = 'https://api.example.com/api/v1'export function request(options) {  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {    const token = uni.getStorageSync('token')    uni.request({      url: BASE_URL + options.url,      method: options.method || 'GET',      data: options.data || {},      header: {        'Content-Type': 'application/json',        'Authorization': token ? `Bearer ${token}` : ''      },      success: (res) => {        if (res.data.code === 0) {          resolve(res.data.data)        } else if (res.data.code === 4001) {          // token 失效，跳转登录          uni.removeStorageSync('token')          uni.navigateTo({ url: '/pages/login/login' })          reject(res.data)        } else {          uni.showToast({ title: res.data.msg, icon: 'none' })          reject(res.data)        }      },      fail: (err) => {        uni.showToast({ title: '网络异常', icon: 'none' })        reject(err)      }    })  })}

<!-- pages/index/index.vue --><template>  <view class="container">    <!-- 搜索栏 -->    <view class="search-bar">      <input v-model="keyword" placeholder="搜索商品" @confirm="onSearch" />    </view>    <!-- 商品列表 -->    <view class="product-list">      <view        v-for="item in list"        :key="item.id"        class="product-item"        @tap="goDetail(item.id)"      >        <image :src="item.cover_image" mode="aspectFill" class="cover" />        <view class="info">          <text class="title">{{ item.title }}</text>          <text class="price">¥{{ item.price }}</text>        </view>      </view>    </view>    <!-- 加载状态 -->    <view class="loading" v-if="loading">加载中...</view>    <view class="no-more" v-if="!hasMore && list.length > 0">没有更多了</view>  </view></template><script>import { getProductList } from '@/api/modules/product.js'export default {  data() {    return {      keyword: '',      list: [],      page: 1,      pageSize: 20,      hasMore: true,      loading: false    }  },  onLoad() {    this.loadList()  },  onReachBottom() {    // 触底加载更多    if (this.hasMore && !this.loading) {      this.loadList()    }  },  methods: {    async loadList() {      if (this.loading) return      this.loading = true      try {        const data = await getProductList({          keyword: this.keyword,          page: this.page,          page_size: this.pageSize        })        this.list = this.page === 1 ? data.list : [...this.list, ...data.list]        this.hasMore = data.list.length >= this.pageSize        if (this.hasMore) this.page++      } finally {        this.loading = false      }    },    onSearch() {      this.page = 1      this.list = []      this.hasMore = true      this.loadList()    },    goDetail(id) {      uni.navigateTo({ url: `/pages/detail/detail?id=${id}` })    }  }}</script>

<?php// 缓存策略模式// 1. 详情页缓存（Cache-Aside）function getProductDetail($id) {    $cacheKey = "product:detail:{$id}";    $data = $redis->get($cacheKey);    if ($data) return json_decode($data, true);    $data = Db::table('product')->where('id', $id)->find();    if ($data) {        $redis->setex($cacheKey, 3600, json_encode($data)); // 缓存1小时    }    return $data;}// 2. 列表缓存（带页码）function getProductList($page, $pageSize) {    $cacheKey = "product:list:{$page}:{$pageSize}";    $data = $redis->get($cacheKey);    if ($data) return json_decode($data, true);    $data = Db::table('product')        ->where('status', 1)        ->order('sort', 'desc')        ->page($page, $pageSize)        ->select();    $redis->setex($cacheKey, 300, json_encode($data)); // 缓存5分钟    return $data;}// 3. 缓存更新（写入时清除）function updateProduct($id, $data) {    Db::table('product')->where('id', $id)->update($data);    $redis->del("product:detail:{$id}");           // 清详情缓存    $redis->del("product:list:*");                   // 清列表缓存（用 keys 扫描或维护 key 集合）}